In Canada, websites must be accessible to people with disabilities, blind users relying on screen readers, deaf users who need captions, users with motor disabilities who can't use a mouse. This isn't optional. It's law. Here's what you need to know.

The Legal Reality

Canada's Accessible Canada Act (and provincial laws like AODA in Ontario) require websites to be accessible. Non-compliance can result in fines up to $250,000. Lawsuits are rising: 20-30% of large businesses are currently facing accessibility claims.

The Business Case

Beyond legality: 15% of the population has a disability. That's potentially 15% more customers for an accessible site. Plus, accessibility improvements also help everyone, captions help people in noisy environments, large fonts help older users, clear navigation helps everyone find things faster.

Core Accessibility Standards (WCAG 2.1 AA)

  • Perceivable: Images have alt text, videos have captions, colours aren't the only way to convey meaning
  • Operable: All functionality works with keyboard alone (no mouse), focus is visible, no flashing that causes seizures
  • Understandable: Text is clear, language is simple, forms have labels, users are warned of errors
  • Robust: Code is valid, works with screen readers and assistive technologies

Quick Wins

  • ☐ Add alt text to all images
  • ☐ Use semantic HTML (proper headings, lists, buttons)
  • ☐ Ensure 4.5:1 color contrast on text
  • ☐ Make forms keyboard-navigable with visible focus
  • ☐ Add captions to videos
  • ☐ Test with screen readers (NVDA, JAWS)

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